Plains was a boomtown of 600 people at the time of Carter's birth. Numerous generations of Carters lived as cotton farmers in Georgia. : 70 Carter is a descendant of English immigrant Thomas Carter, who settled in the Colony of Virginia in 1635. He was the eldest son of Bessie Lillian Gordy and James Earl Carter Sr. Carter thus became the first American president born in a hospital. was born October 1, 1924, in Plains, Georgia, at the Wise Sanitarium, where his mother worked as a registered nurse. The Carter family store, part of Carter's Boyhood Farm, in Plains, Georgia He is also the third- oldest living person to have served as a nation's leader. He is both the longest-lived president and the one with the longest post-presidency. Polls of historians and political scientists generally rank Carter as a slightly below-average president, although his post-presidential activities are considered exceptional. He is a key figure in the nonprofit housing organization Habitat for Humanity and wrote numerous books, ranging from political memoirs to poetry, while continuing to comment on global affairs, including two books on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, in which he criticizes Israel's treatment of Palestinians as apartheid. He traveled extensively to conduct peace negotiations, monitor elections and further the eradication of infectious diseases. He lost the 1980 presidential election in a landslide to Republican nominee Ronald Reagan.Īfter leaving the presidency, Carter established the Carter Center to promote and expand human rights, earning him a Nobel Peace Prize in 2002. In response to the invasion, Carter escalated the Cold War by ending détente, imposing a grain embargo against the Soviets, enunciating the Carter Doctrine, and leading the multinational boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. The end of his presidency was marked by the 1979–1981 Iran hostage crisis, the 1979 energy crisis, the Three Mile Island accident, the Nicaraguan Revolution, and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Department of Energy and the Department of Education. He successfully pursued the Camp David Accords, the Panama Canal Treaties, and the second round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks. He created a national energy policy that included conservation, price control, and new technology. presidential election.Ĭarter pardoned all Vietnam War draft evaders. As a dark-horse candidate not well known outside of Georgia, Carter won the 1976 Democratic presidential nomination and narrowly defeated incumbent Republican president Gerald Ford in the 1976 U.S. He served in the Georgia State Senate from 1963 to 1967 and then as governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975. He then manifested his opposition to racial segregation, supported the growing civil rights movement, and became an activist within the Democratic Party. Afterward he returned home, where he revived his family's peanut-growing business. Naval Academy in 1946 and joined the U.S. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975, and as a Georgia state senator from 1963 to 1967.Ĭarter was born and raised in Plains, Georgia, graduated from the U.S. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981.
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